Nucleus

Nucleus Nucleus: Nucleus in biology can be very well defined as a dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells, typically a single rounded structure bounded by a double membrane, containing the genetic material. Nucleus can also be defined as a specialized, usually spherical mass of protoplasm encased in a double membrane, and found in most living eukaryotic cells, directing their growth, metabolism, and reproduction, and functioning in the transmission of genic characters. What is a Nucleus ? The nucleus is the controlling center of eukaryotic cell. It contains most of the genetic materials of the cell. It was first observed by Antonie von Leeuvenhoek in the lumen of RBCs and was named in the year 1833 by Robert brown who discovered it in plant cells. Structure of Nucleus: Nuclear Envelope: The nuclear envelope consists of two concentric membranes called the inner and outer membranes. The outer membrane is continuous with ER. In contrast the inner membrane carries unique proteins that are specific to the nucleus. A network of intermediate filaments present on the nuclear side of the inner membrane is known as nuclear lamina which is made up of lamin proteins providing mechanical support to the nucleus. Nuclear pores: The nuclear envelope contains nuclear pores for transport of macromolecules between cytoplasm and nucleus. Each nuclear pore is formed from an elaborate structure called nuclear pore complex. The proteins that make up the nuclear pore complex are known as nucleoporins. Nucleolar-organizing region (NORs): The nucleolus organizing region is a region of chromosome around which the nucleolus forms. In the human, the five chromosomes contain NORs, which can be identified as secondary constrictions on metaphase chromosomes. The position of secondary constriction in a chromosome is specific and species specific. As compared to secondary constrictions, the primary constrictions also called as centromere, attaches sister chromatids together. Chromosomes and chromatin: A chromatin is an organized structure of DNA and protein that is found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It contains a single dsDNA in coiled and condensed form. The basic difference between chromatin and chromosomes is that chromatin is less condensed and extended DNA while chromosomes are highly condensed DNA. The extent of chromatin condensation varies during the life cycle of the cell. In non-dividing as well as interphase stages of cell, most of the chromatin remain relatively de-condensed. The light staining, less condensed portions of chromatin are termed as euchromatin. This region is transcriptionally active and contains most of the transcribing genes. The darkly stained and highly condensed region of chromatin is termed as heterochromatin. This region is transcriptionally inactive. img alt=chromosomes and chromatin data-cke-saved-src=http://images.tutorpace.com/biology/nucleus_5.jpg src=http://images.tutorpace.com/biology/nucleus_5.jpg 518px;= height:= 254px;= Centromere: The constricted region of linear chromosomes is known as the centromere. Although this constriction is called the centromere, it is usually not located exactly in the center of the chromosome and, in some cases, is located almost at the chromosomes end. Telomere: Telomeres are specialized structures, which cap the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. It consists of a long array of short, tandemly repeated sequences. Origin of Replication: The origin of replication is a particular sequence in a chromosome at which replication is initiated. One chromosome contains multiple origins of replication. Chromosome number: All eukaryotic cells have multiple linear chromosomes. Every cell maintains a characteristic number of chromosomes. Depending upon the eukaryotic organism, the number of chromosomes varies from 2 to several hundreds. Chromosome number in different eukaryotic organisms: Species Haploid number of chromosomes Saccharomyces cerevisiae 16 Arabidopsis thaliana 06 Drosophila thaliana 04 Mus musculus 19 +X and Y Homo sapiens 22 + X and Y Functions of Nucleus: It is the prime control center of cellular activities. It controls the enzymatic activities. It controls the process of synthesizing proteins. It regulates the hereditary characteristics of an individual It participates in the process of cell division, differentiation and growth of cell. It controls the reliability of genes and its expression. Helps in the transport of RNA and DNA across the cell. Nucleolus is called ribosomal factory of the cell. Transcription takes place in nucleus.

What is Macroeconomics

What is Macroeconomics Finding a Simple Macroeconomics Definition ChaptersMacroeconomic Factors in an EconomyExamples of Macroeconomic PolicyWhat is Macroeconomics? Finding an AnswerEconomics can be a difficult subject to study, regardless of whether you are studying the subject at GCSE, A-Level, or at a university. One of the main challenges of economics is that there are so many different terms and economic issues that students are expected to be familiar with.Failure to understand these core economic concepts and any underlying principles of economics can lead to difficulty following classes and moreover can make your learning experience that much more taxing.Luckily, there’s help at hand. The below article examines one of the most common terms you’ll encounter during your economics study â€" macroeconomics â€" and provides examples of where you may encounter macroeconomic policy.Of course, if you still find yourself struggling to get to grips with the definition of macroeconomics, then there’s always extra support on hand through the help of a tutor, such as the economics tutors near me that are available for hire via Superprof.Common macroeconomics definitionsAs a general rule, macroeconomics is considered to be the study of the economy in aggregate. This means that macroeconomics takes a large-scale look at economic activity and examines how the economy as a whole behaves and operates.Although there are other areas of economics you can study, such as how an individual’s behaviour can influence economic outcomes, such studies belong to the areas of microeconomic analysis or behavioural economics, and so are not generally considered within macroeconomics.However, microeconomics â€" a “bottom-up” study of economics and the economy, with a focus on individuals or companies â€" is not mutually exclusive from macroeconomics. Often, issues that concern macroeconomics, such as unemployment in an economy or wages, will also interest economists specialising in microeconomics, although they may look at the issue from a slightly different perspective.If you’re looking for a more specific definition of macroeconomics, then there are a variety of sources and economists that you can turn to for clarification.For instance, take John Maynard Keynes, who is considered to be the father of modern macroeconomics and is mentioned in many an economics textbook. In one of his most famous works, “The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money” and in subsequent writings, Keynes argued that economic output is influenced by factors such as aggregate demand, which could be improved by stimulating government spending as well as by lowering taxes.These thoughts laid the foundation for macroeconomics as we know it today, and spawned Keynesian economics, which is a particular school of economic thought.Although not every economist is a fan of Keynes’ ideas, their influence was widely felt throughout the twentieth century, and there are still proponents of his theories today, most commonly under the scho ol of new-Keynesianism.Of course, macroeconomics is not just an economic theory, as it has also shaped a number of different economic models and policies, which are examined in further detail below.Macroeconomic factors can explain changes, both positive and negative, to a nation's economy. (Source CC0 1.0, Gresham College, Flickr)Unemployment;Fiscal policy; orInflationHowever, there are a variety of items that can have a huge impact on the economy and so would fall within the remit of macroeconomic study, so macroeconomic analysts are not confined to examining the areas listed above.For example, there are a variety of macroeconomic factors that may have positive or negative effects on an economy. For example, natural disasters, such as the recent volcano eruptions in Hawaii, can be considered to be negative macroeconomic factors, as they have a downward effect on a local or national economy.This can be due to many reasons, including a depletion of natural resources, destruction of places of work or factories, or a displaced population.Another example of a negative economic factor is the recent global financial crisis, which began in the U.S.A. in 2007. The crisis led to economic downturns across the globe and is a key example of how macroeconomic factors do not always bring positive changes to an economy.There are also a number of factors which can be positive for an economy. For example, reducing the costs of goods and services can lead to increased demand for that service or product. Over time this should lead to increased revenue for those suppliers, and hopefully, the economy at large.The financial crisis in 2008 is a great example of what a student of macroeconomics might learn about. (Source: CC0 1.0, geralt, Pixabay)Examples of Macroeconomic PolicyThere are many examples of macroeconomic policy the world over, and the more you look for it, the easier it becomes to find examples of such policies.Broadly speaking, those that study macroeconomics examine one of two areas in the economy. For example, economists either study the business cycle, which looks at the cyclical nature of the production of goods and services. Usually, the performance of a business cycle is measured through GDP.Alternatively, macroeconomists tend to study what drives growth in the economy. Both methods of study keep to the core tenants of macroeconomics, namely, examining the factors that influence the economy in the aggregate.Macroeconomics is a hugely important area when it comes to setting policy objectives and measures, whether those policies are set by international bodies or governments. Such policies are aimed at encouraging growth within an economy, or to curb any slowdown that an economy may face.Often, policies that are likely to have been influenced by macroeconomics include items such as:Measures to increase employment within an economy;Setting national inflation targets;The current interest rates set by central banks; orThe rate of corporation an d individual tax rates that apply from tax year to tax year.Of course, analysis of  macroeconomic factors does not in itself dictate what economic, fiscal, or monetary policies that a government may adopt. Naturally, governments are often elected with a particular mandate, and so the policies that they introduce during their time in power may well represent their own political priorities and beliefs.For this reason, there can often be disagreements around what economic policies or models are most effective for an economy, and there’s unlikely to be any consensus between political parties the world over on this matter anytime soon. As such, macroeconomics should be viewed as one of the many tools that can be used to shape policy, but not the be all and end all in itself.Macroeconomics has an impact on economic policies adopted by governments. (Source: CC BY-SA 3.0, Nick Youngson, Alpha Stock Images)What is Macroeconomics? Finding an AnswerAs we’ve seen above, macroeconomics is pr imarily concerned with the study of the economy as a whole, on an aggregated level.As a distinct area of economics, macroeconomics is quite separate from other fields of economic studies, such as microeconomics, which is considered the “other side” to economics study. If you enjoy looking at the bigger picture and want to try and understand just how global and local economies operate the way they do, then you may find that you naturally gravitate to key areas of macroeconomic studies, such as:Employment or unemployment;Factors that influence gross domestic product; andRates of inflation.Naturally, as macroeconomics is a significant area of economic study, it’s highly likely you’ll have to learn more about macroeconomic theories and policies, such as those described above, throughout your economics classes or lectures.Regardless of whether you’re an A-level or university economics student, if you don’t enjoy studying macroeconomics then you may struggle at some point duri ng your studies. This is because, for better or worse, macroeconomics features in almost every school curriculum and university degree course.As such, if you know that you want to study economics at university, whether as a single or combined degree subject, but you just can't get to grips with the basics of macroeconomics, then it may be time to reach out for a helping hand.Although there are ways you can teach yourself about economic problems found in macroeconomics, many people find that an easier solution is to find an economics tutor to help you in your macroeconomics studies. In many ways, an economics tutor is a perfect way to help motivate you and help unlock the aspects that you find most appealing about macroeconomics.Equally, even if you’re comfortable with macroeconomic areas, but would just like a tutor to give you some more question and exam practice, then there are plenty of economics tutors out there to help as well.Superprof, for example, has a wide range of econo mics tutors who are very happy to help you with your studies, whether you would like local or online tuition. Simply enter in your postcode and the subject you’d like some help with, and you’ll be able to find your perfect tutor in no time!Read about international economy here.

15 Showstopping Baritone Audition Songs

15 Showstopping Baritone Audition Songs Sign up successful 2. “Forest for the Trees” Spitfire Grill To impress musical directors with your rendition of “Forest for the Trees” from Spitfire Grill, consider incorporating some acting into your performance. This is the perfect way to exemplify your ability to interpret lyrics. “Forest for the Trees” is quite a challenging piece, as it includes a number of high notes. If you can sing it well, it will definitely help you make an impact at your audition! 3. “The Sweetest Sounds” No Strings If your audition calls for a slow piece, “The Sweetest Sounds” from No Strings is a good option. This is your chance to show you can make a gentle and romantic piece also powerful and interesting. As with any slower tempo piece, it’s essential to incorporate emotion to keep the attention of your audience. And because No Strings is a comedy, this song is best suited for auditions for comedic musical theater works. 4. “Pretty Women” Sweeney Todd Pretty Women is another piece that involves lyrical interpretation in your performance, both through the emotion in your voice and some acting on stage. Its a wonderful piece to show off your singing skills because of the juxtaposition of lighthearted passages with the serious, darker areas. Similarly, while some parts of the piece involve singing very softly and emphatically, other parts are powerful and romantic. 5. “Greased Lightning” Grease For an audition in a rock musical, there is probably no better choice than “Greased Lightning” from Grease. While not very difficult to sing as it has a limited range, Greased Lightning is all about showing off your energy and the power of your voice. It’s also a great choice for incorporating acting and a bit of dancing. If youre looking for male audition songs, you should definitely consider Greased Lightning. Pop and Rock Baritone Audition Songs For pop and rock gigs, it’s best to consider the range of the original artists as you look for an audition songs. Any of the following pieces are good options for baritone singers. 6-8. “Sweet Caroline,” “Forever in Blue Jeans,” or “America” Neil Diamond SEE ALSO: How to Survive as a Baritone Singing Pop 9-11. “Light My Fire,” “Riders on the Storm,” or “People Are Strange” The Doors 12-14. “It’s Been Awhile,” “So Far Away,” or “Epiphany” Staind 15. “The Clouding” Iced Earth For even more suggestions of baritone audition songs, as well as audition prep tips, check out the video below- So there you have it! You can choose any of the above baritone audition songs for musical theater, pop, or rock. Start practicing,  work with a vocal coach, and youll be well on your way to impressing your audience. Do you have any other suggestions for baritone audition songs? Let us know in the comments section below. Good luck on your future audition and remember confidence is key! Photo by: Eva Rinaldi Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher

Demand Curve Law Of Demand Microeconomics

Demand Curve Law Of Demand Microeconomics Demand Curve is the geometric tool of economics which helps in the exact illustration of inverse relationship between price and demand; i.e. the law of demand. When a demand schedule is plotted on a graph by joining the points, it is called a Demand Curve. In short Demand Curve is a graphical representation of inverse relationship between price and demand. There are two types of Demand Curves: Individual Demand Curve Total Demand Curve The demand curve of an individual buyer shows an individual demand curve where as the sum total of all the individual curves is a total demand curve. In the above diagram DD is Demand Curve, P is original Price, P1 is new price, M is quantity demanded, and M1 is new quantity demanded. The above diagram illustrates the inverse relationship between the price and demand. When the price is equal to OP, then the quantity demanded is equal to OM.As the price falls from OP to OP1, the quantity demanded increase from OM to OM1.Hence there is an increase in quantity demanded as the price falls and vice a versa.

Online Second Derivative Tutors

Online Second Derivative Tutors Derivatives play a very pivotal role in calculus which is an important branch in mathematics. Second derivative or the second order derivative is the derivative of the derivative of the function. Therefore the second derivative is the rate of change of the function which is changing itself. The second derivative of a function is also useful in graphing the given function. The second derivative of the function decides the concavity of the graph. If the value of the second derivative is positive then the graph is concave upwards and if the value of the second derivative is negative then the graph is concave downwards. Example 1: Find the second derivative of the function f(x) = x3 + 2x2 - 6? Solution: Given is the function f(x) = x3 + 2x2 - 6. Step1: Find the first derivative of the function using the power rule. The first derivative of the function f(x) = 3 x2 + 4x. The second derivative of the function is the derivative of f(x). This gives, f(x) = 6 x + 4. Hence the second derivative = 6 x + 4. Example 2: Find the second derivative of the function f(x) = 2x3 - 4x2 + 10? Solution: Given is the function f(x) = 2 x3 -4 x2 + 10. Step1: Find the first derivative of the function using the power rule. The first derivative of the function f(x) = 6 x2 8 x. The second derivative of the function is the derivative of f(x). This gives, f(x) = 12 x - 8. Hence the second derivative = 12 x - 8

Linguagem coloquial Você sabe falar em ambientes informais

Linguagem coloquial Você sabe falar em ambientes informais Image courtesy of Idea go / FreeDigitalPhotos.netÉ certo que quando estamos aprendendo um idioma enriquecer o vocabulário é de extrema importância. Para além disso, falar e escrever corretamente são outros pontos fundamentais. No entanto, nem sempre os nativos com que a gente planeja conversar vão usar palavras que a gente aprende em aulas de Inglês convencionais.Ao longo dos anos conheci muitas pessoas de diversos países que diziam querer aprender Português, tinham aulas e tentavam treinar. Até sabiam algumas coisas para além do básico. Porém, todos comentavam que ler era sempre mais fácil do que entender o que as pessoas diziam.Isso não acontece necessariamente por causa dos sotaques, mas porque nós usamos uma linguagem coloquial, com muitas gírias, quando estamos econversando com amigos. Como alguém vai entender, de cara, o que a maior parte das expressões quer dizer? Não tem como! Por isso que tal como quem quer aprender Português tem que se dedicar a aprend er vocabulário coloquial, nós temos que fazer o mesmo se queremos dominar o Inglês.Por isso é que eu acredito que focar também na construção de um vocabulário mais coloquial não é perda de tempo. No fundo, você está aumentando o seu conhecimento da língua, mas em um nicho que será mais útil quando você estiver em ambientes descontraídos e não necessariamente para o trabalho. Há quem comece a entender a necessidade de ter um vocabulário diversificado, que possibilite tanto uma conversa com um CEO, como uma conversa com a menina que trabalha no caixa do supermercado. Daí que estejam surgindo publicações como o Street Language, um livro que ensina gírias em Inglês, para que você entenda como as pessoas falam em ambientes informais.Várias pessoas têm procurado aprender Inglês por razões profissionais, isso é altamente louvável. Contudo, se o conhecimento da língua se restringir apenas ao ambiente e vocabulário empresarial, se você for viajar e quiser c onhecer alguém na praia ou em um bar, como você vai fazer para não parecer completamente deslocado?Aprender Inglês dá trabalho, é algo que deve ser contínuo e deve servir aos propósitos de cada um. Não há problema nenhum em focar mais em vocabulário adequado para uma reunião de negócios ou para a elaboração de investigação científica, desde que você também saiba como falar com pessoas fora desses círculos.Afinal de contas, se você apenas soubesse usar o Português formal, navegar na internet, ver filmes atuais, compreender letras de músicas ou apenas ver o noticiário seriam tarefas um pouco complicadas, não acha?

College Application Resume Tips

College Application Resume Tips If your teen is starting to think about college, its also a good time to work on developing a resume. As Eileen Huntington of the Huntington Learning Center explains, resumes are valuable for many reasons. Teens can use the resume to prepare for college interviews, to share with people writing them letters of recommendation and much more, she says. What should teens include on their resumes? What should be avoided? Huntington offers these tips: Make it brief. Even the most involved, standout high school junior or senior should limit the resume to one front-and-back page. Format well. A resume should be scannable and easy to read. Its important to divide it into sections (separated by headers) and make use of bullets, bolding, and italics where appropriate. Focus on the most important elements. For a high school student, the education section of the resume should be the primary focus, but dont leave out other important content. Heres a possible template: Contact information Name, address, phone number, email address Education section Graduation date, weighted grade point average, and SAT/ACT scores Valuable skills section Software proficiency, foreign languages, etc. Extracurricular activities Any sports, clubs, activities or volunteer work Work experience Any for-pay work experiences, including employer name, job title, responsibilities, and recognition Highlight character traits and work ethic. The purpose of a high school resume is to augment, not repeat, the college application. Thus, teens should highlight their skills, passion, work ethic and leadership skills through the jobs and other activities they list. Highlight accomplishments. Again, it is important for teens to use the resume to showcase their strengths to colleges as well as teachers/mentors writing recommendation letters for them. That means including any achievements, awards or other recognition on the resume (e.g. not just Chess Club, but Chess Club, Four-time district champion, 2016-2019). Show course work not on a high school transcript. That includes any college prep courses, college courses, academic camps or training programs, certifications or similar. Consider a summary section. Some teens might want to include a career summary or a personal summary. This section calls out a teens goals and best traits/assets and can be a great resume addition. Lastly, Huntington shares with parents that the resume helps teens reflect on their high school careers and prepare for the next step in their lives. As teens get closer to college, it is so important that they put their best foot forward and feel confident talking about their strengths and assets, she says. Encourage your teen to invest the time into developing a great resume, as it will help get him or her into professional mode and prepared to show colleges his or her very best. About Huntington Huntington is the tutoring and test prep leader.Its certified tutors provide individualized instruction in reading, phonics, writing, study skills, elementary and middle school math, Algebra through Calculus, Chemistry, and other sciences. It preps for the SAT and ACT, as well as state and standardized exams. Huntington programs develop the skills, confidence, and motivation to help students succeed. Founded in 1977, Huntingtons mission is to give every student the best education possible. Learn how Huntington can help at www.huntingtonhelps.com. For franchise opportunities please visit www.huntingtonfranchise.com.

Why We Train All of Our Academic Tutors on Study Skills

Why We Train All of Our Academic Tutors on Study Skills AJ Tutoring is a team of professional academic and test prep tutors who deeply enjoy helping students reach their potential in class and on test day. If you visit our Meet our Team page and start reading, you’ll be amazed by the diversity of interests, talents, and skill sets that our educators bring to their work with Bay Area students.While we have tutors who specialize in a range of subjects, such as biology, math, and world history, one lynchpin skill that all of our academic tutors share is the ability to help students develop effective study skills. Some of our students come in asking for help specifically with study skills, and we have an excellent approach to work with those students. Many of our students, though, call requesting help for a specific subject or two. We pair each student with an academic expert who can help them engage with the curriculum at a deep level and see success in class. But there is another benefit many of these students are getting: study skills su pport. All of our academic tutors undergo an intensive study skills training course in order to be able to coach students on note-taking, critical reading, time management, and more. These abilities are paramount for success in any high school course and beyond, so we feel it’s important that our tutors are able to incorporate these foundational skills into each and every academic lesson. Because we specialize in 1-on-1 tutoring, the process is seamless. Our tutors can identify and work to develop the unique study skills needs of each student. If you’d like to sign your student up for academic tutoring, please give us a call. Read on to find a few examples of how we help students build core skills.#1: Jenna’s Geometry Jump StartIt’s October, and geometry is turning out to be Jenna’s toughest course of sophomore year. She signs up with one of our geometry tutors, who works with her to build her proof-writing skills and prepare for geometry tests. It becomes clear that, in a ddition to the complex content, the tests present a unique challenge because they include questions that don’t directly resemble Jenna’s homework questions. In sessions, Jenna and our geometry expert create study guides that have questions of increasing difficulty that extend even beyond the most tricky homework problems. In addition, Jenna learns that the aim of each unit is to understand the core concepts on a deep level so that they can be applied beyond the specific examples offered in the textbook.#2: Eva’s English Essay ExcellenceEva is one of the most eloquent 8th graders you will ever meet. If you ask her about her favorite character in Madeline L’Engel’s A Wrinkle in Time, Eva can launch into a lengthy and articulate explanation of how the novel speaks to the experiences of youth across time. However, Eva has been having trouble in English class, so her family calls AJ Tutoring to help identify any issues and apply her literary strengths to success in her coursewo rk.Our English expert, after examining some of Eva’s essays and observing her develop a thesis statement for an assignment, notices that Eva always has keen ideas about the topic but could improve on her essay-writing process. Eva learns that successful writers follow a multi-step process that involves brainstorming, collecting evidence, outlining, drafting, and revising. Understanding each step takes pressure off the writing itself and assures that the structure of the essay is carefully considered to highlight Eva’s best ideas. Our English tutor also helps Eva develop a template schedule she can use to plan out future English assignments so that she has plenty of time to complete each step of the composition process before the due date.#3: Samantha’s Summer Study Skills SupportIt’s June, and Samantha is ready to relax after a job well done. Freshman year was a joy and a challenge with honors classes and after-school sports. Though she’s looking forward to next year, Sama ntha is also pretty nervous because she knows classes will get tougher. She also remembers how stressed out she was ahead of important exams during freshman year and wonders if she could have done better on some of them with more studying.Samantha and her family decide to get a head start on sophomore year by signing up for our study skills basics course. After a few sessions with her tutor, Samantha has already learned a lot about learning and has considered some of the skills she’ll need to master in order to achieve her potential in high school. Upon reflection, Samantha realizes that some of her freshman year stress could have been lessened if she’d planned ahead for exams by breaking down the studying process into manageable steps. With upgraded note-taking skills, a well-organized binder system, and a color-coded calendar, Samantha is ready and excited for sophomore year!No matter your student’s needs, we are here to help. Click here to read up on our academic tutoring a nd here to speak with a director!